ERRI DAILY INTELLIGENCE REPORT-ERRI Risk Assessment Services Thursday, August 14, 1997 Vol. 3 - 226

EMERGENCY ROOM DOCTORS PREPARE FOR TERRORIST CHEM/BIO ATTACKS...
By Steve Macko, ERRI Risk Analyst

In anticipation of a possible terrorist attack on United States soil, some of the nation's emergency room doctors are preparing themselves to recognize little-known chemical and biological agents that can be used in weapons of mass destruction.

Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agent Basil C. Doyle, the supervisor of the FBI's domestic terrorism unit, said, "Years ago, people were very, very concerned about the nuclear threat. What we are seeing now is biological agents."

Doyle said that one possible nightmare scenario involves the use of ricin, which is a poisonous extract from castor beans that is deadly if it is inhaled or absorbed through the skin. The instructions on how to make ricin are readily available from different sources. He said, "We have a ton of open source information that's telling everyone how to do it."

Recently, about 50 emergency room doctors from around the United States spent three days in Philadelphia to learn about emerging threats. The training program was sponsored by the American Academy of Emergency Physicians, which has about 2,000 members. The American College of Emergency Physicians, the nation's largest association of emergency room doctors, which has more than 19,000 members, is planning on similar training programs.

The subject matter has taken on a particular concern ever since the April 1995 sarin nerve gas attack on the Tokyo subway system. Sarin, like many other chemical and biological agents, can kill less than 30 minutes -- which gives emergency room personnel very little time to respond. And failing to respond correctly can turn doctors themselves into victims and risk contaminating other people.

U.S. Representative Curt Weldon, who has a fire service background, said, "We face a changed world. We face new threats. We face new materials that most emergency responders just don't understand."

The subjects covered at the recent conference in Philadelphia involved possible terrorist weapons -- including sarin and other nerve agents -- cyanide, nuclear radiation, deadly viruses -- such as ebola -- killer bacteria and toxic fungal infections.

Robert Geller, an emergency room doctor in Philadelphia, said, "None of us would know how to treat any of these illnesses. We'd have to go to the literature."

A doctor from Elizabethtown, Knetucky, said that he was most interested in treatment from conventional explosives. He said, "I don't feel my threat is as much from some weird thing I don't know much about as it is from the farmer who wants to blow up my hospital."

The FBI's Doyle said that there is currently no evidence that a terrorist group has acquired chemical or biological agents and intends to use them against the United States, but he added, "What threat there is ... is from the lone individual."

Uner a new federally funded program, medical "strike teams" are being formed in the United States in 27 major metropolitan areas. The first city to receive the special training was Denver. Other cities that are on the first phase list that should complete their training this year are: Philadelphia, Washington, New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Boston and Kansas City. Michael Austin, a top official with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, said that those cities were chosen first because their large populations make them prime targets for a terrorist attack.

In each city, highly trained medical teams will know how to use special test kits that can quickly identify chemical and/or biological agents. They will have other specialized equipment and will maintain stockpiles of medicines that can be used as antidotes to lethal agents.

Representative Weldon observed, "I've been told that a teaspoonful of sarin, if properly dispersed in the population now, could kill up to 5,000 people. We are not prepared to deal with that."

(c) Copyright, EmergencyNet NEWS Service, 1997. All Rights Reserved. Redistribution without permission is prohibited by law.

The ERRI DAILY INTELLIGENCE REPORT is a subscription publication of the EmergencyNet NEWS Service, which is a part of the Chicago-based Emergency Response and Research Institute. This publication specializes in Corporate Security/Terrorism/Intelligence/Military and National Security issues.

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